From the article, you will find out what are the possible signs of varicose veins in the lower extremities, the pathological causes, treatment and prevention at home.
WHAT IS VARICOSIS?
Varicose veins are venous pathology, which is based on the failure of the function of the vascular valves with the formation of venous insufficiency, lumen expansion, congestion, which is accompanied by persistent tissue elasticity.
THE MAIN CAUSE OF PATHOLOGY
Varicose veins on the legs have different causes and symptoms, which have small gender characteristics.The main trigger of pathology is called congenital weakness of connective tissue.In the second place there are hormonal changes, so women are more often diagnosed with varicose veins. Prolonged static position, sitting or standing, role, while longer legs, the condition is more serious. Weight gain also results in increased pressure on the veins in the lower extremities, as well as lack of physical activity. Smoking, pregnancy, concomitant pathology, tight underwear, shoes, heels, all of which cause stagnation of blood circulation in the veins in the legs are risk factors for varicose veins.
SYMPTOMS AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
The signs of varicose veins in women and men are not fundamentally different. This is a gradual disease, the symptoms of which are correlated with the stage of development of the pathological process.
The first stage is characterized by small clinical manifestations: the veins almost protrude above the surface of the skin, the dermis slightly hyperemic, heaviness in the legs begins to be disturbed, itching in the legs, ankles, seizures may occur. Symptoms of leg varicose veins like this are very painful for women from an aesthetic point of view. Pain is often preceded by visual cues.
In the second stage, the clinical picture shows a special appearance: the veins on the legs protrude above the surface of the skin, can be felt well, resembling varicose veins. As the pathological process progresses, the veins in the lower part of the leg acquire a winding, bluish purple hue, sometimes turning black.
Symptoms of varicose veins in the third stage are characterized by the development of complications: trophic disorders appear, skin resembles parchment, edema and cramps become common, the feet are covered with a rash, itching begins, joins the secondary flora, pyoderma layer, dermatitis, eczema.
The fourth stage of varicose veins in the lower part of the leg is the most severe in terms of symptoms: the skin above the veins bulges into inflammation, nearby tissues are involved, open trophic ulcers, pain in the legs with varicose veins is permanent, the addition of secondary infections causes thrombosis, thromboflebitis, urgent hospitalization, complex treatment.
WHAT DOCTORS SHOULD BE APPLIED?
A phlebologist treats leg pain with varicose veins, but vascular surgeons can also make an initial appointment. It all depends on the severity of the pathology. The phlebologist prescribes conservative therapy or refers to a vascular surgeon to consult to resolve the surgical problem.
Without a complete clinical and laboratory examination, it is not possible to make an accurate diagnosis. Instrumental diagnostic methods help clarify the degree of pathology, the duration of the test takes 10 minutes, maximum - half an hour. The results of the examination are announced by the doctor immediately, at the first appointment. Adequate therapeutic choice depends on the degree of pathology.
TREATMENT FEATURES
Therapy for varicose veins lies in the "three pillars": drug treatment, minimally invasive techniques, classical surgery.
CONSERVATIVE THERAPY
In addition to the mandatory general recommendations for varicose veins: dosage, normal physical activity, reduction of static load on the legs, exercise therapy, wearing compression socks, use of elastic bandages - conservative therapy involves the appointment of phlebotonics based on flavonoids, horse chestnut extract. This is a tablet systemic medicine: synthetic and based on natural ingredients.
Often, oral administration is combined with the same external therapy for varicose veins. According to doctors and patients, the most effective combination of capsules and gels.
Of course, one can not expect complete healing from conservative methods, drugs can not restore the dilated veins, but as a preventive measure, in preparation for surgery, the impossibility of treatment of varicose vein surgery - these drugs guarantee the delay of developmentdisease and reduce symptoms.
SCLEROTHERAPY COMPRESSION
The essence of minimum invasive therapy for varicose veins is to inject special sclerosant drugs into the dilated veins. Through a syringe, the doctor injects a foaming solution into the vein, which fills the defective vessel, boiling it.
Patients wear compression stockings, which are designed to keep the vessel in this condition. Within three days, the venous wall was attached, the vessel was shut off from normal blood flow and neglected. You should wear compression socks for at least a month, sometimes two. The criteria for the effectiveness of treatment is the adhesion that is formed.
Compression sclerotherapy is performed if the varicose veins are not complicated by the return of blood from the inner canal to the superficial canal through the communicating veins.If there is a return flow, the effectiveness of the procedure tends to zero.
OPERATIONAL INTERVENTION
Surgery - has been and still is the most reliable and effective method of treating varicose veins, regardless of the presence of reverse blood flow in the veins. But here too, it is important to see a doctor in a timely manner, as relapses often occur at a later stage. Varicose veins are treated with different techniques: micro-surgery, radio frequency and laser vein defect.
In the early stages, photocirculation or laser removal of spider veins is effective. At a later stage, phlebectomy is indicated - complete removal of the affected vein. The operation was traumatic, there was a risk of complications, so today doctors are trying to use less invasive miniflebectomy techniques. If varicose veins are complicated by venous thrombosis, a secondary infection,crossectomyis performed.
WHAT CAN YOU DO WITH FOOT VARICOSIS AT HOME?
The essence of the use of folk remedies for the prevention and treatment of varicose veins goes down to remove toxins and toxins from the body with the restoration of normal blood flow. To do this, balance your diet, including cabbage, tomatoes, peppers, herbs, citrus fruits, apples, peaches, cherries, cherries, strawberries, gooseberries, currants in your daily diet. Make sure you calculate the correct beverage ration: 40 ml per kilogram of body weight.
In addition, they use the nutrients of green tomatoes, which are tied in pieces to the area of varicose veins in the form of compresses. Its effect is guaranteed by lycopene - an antioxidant in the fruit pulp, which improves the structure of the vascular wall, calms the veins. You can try the juice treatment: all raw vegetables are suitable.
Extracts from garlic and lemon are effective: phytoncides dissolve cholesterol plaques, cleanse the blood vessel lumen, natural antibiotics, namely garlic, kill pathogenic flora, and vitamin C strengthens venous walls, prevents salt deposition. The charges are simple: cut 4 unpeeled lemons, 4 large garlic cloves, put the mixture in a jar, fill with warm boiling water, insist under the lid for three days, shake the container daily, strain, store in the cold, drink a third of a glass while eating three times / day. Course - drink 12 liters of the resulting solution.
Apple cider vinegar is well known as a source of minerals and vitamins; for varicose veins, it is taken orally in the morning and at night by dissolving two teaspoons of the product in a glass of water. Externally: rub varicose veins with a tampon soaked in vinegar to relieve itching and pain.
Compresses are made with honey, applying a sterile napkin with the product to the varicose vein area for several hours under the film. Use the shredded cabbage leaves with vegetable oil under an overnight wrap. Course - month.
PREVENTION
Prevention of varicose veins has two purposes: to prevent the onset of the disease and reduce the number of relapses. For this: you can not go to the sauna or take a hot bath, lift the load. It is best to move a lot, not including strength sports, weight control, and minimizing the intake of foods that are too spicy and fatty.
No need to wear tights, socks, knee-high, stockings with tight elastic straps, cross your legs while sitting. Women are encouraged to take off their high heels.
At night - a cold foot bath, you can rinse your feet with cold water in the morning. It is necessary to abandon bad habits, to master self-massage: caress the skin of the lower legs from the bottom up and in the opposite direction for 10 minutes, reduce stress, avoid overheating, colds, undergo a medical examination.
With varicose veins, it is advisable to visit the swimming pool, walk, contrast bath at home, and always wear compression socks.